In the first picture you are able to see the Spinalis Cervicis which is at the inside top of the neck. This muscle is what extends the cervical vertebrae. Its attachments include the cranial and caudal. On the outside of the Spinalis Cervicis is the Spinalis Capitis that extends the cervical vertebrae and head; laterally flexes and rotates the head. Its attachments include Cranial and Caudal. The third muscle connected to the spine is the Spinalis Thoracis, which is directly below Cervicis. The Thoracis muscle extends the upper lumbar vertebrae and de rotates the thoracic vertebrae. The attachments include Caudal and Cranial. These muscles seem to be very difficult to understand. Being that they were the first muscles to be applied to the manikin once they were laid out the rest quickly became easier to attach and understand.
Also visible from the back view is the Longissimus Capitis. This is the twisted muscle at the top of the neck and is also what extends and laterally flexes the head and cervical vertebrae. It also rotates the head to the opposite side. Its attachments include the Cranial and Caudal. Out of every muscle built on the manikin so far this muscle has definitely been the most difficult. It took me much time to understand the direction of the twist but once I felt comfortable with it the muscles following that one became surprisingly easier to understand. The next visible muscle is the Longissimus Cervicis with flows underneath the Capitis attached to the Cranial and Caudal. This muscle is what extends and laterally flexes the cervical vertebrae. Following the Cervicis is the Longissimus Thoracis. This muscle is attached to the Cranial and Caudal as well. It extends and laterally flexes the lumbar vertebrae. It is also the rotator of the thoracic vertebrae.
The last set of muscles visible with the back view is the Iliocostalis Cervicis. Difficult to see, it is at the outer region of the neck and back attached to the cranial and caudal and is similar to the Longissimus in how it twists. The Cervicis is what extends and laterally flexes the cervical vertebrae. Also visible is the Iliocostalis Thoracis attached to the Cranial and Caudal as well. This muscle is what rotates the thoracic vertebrae to the same side. Finally we have the Iliocostalis Lumborum which is the triangle looking muscle attached to the Axial and Pelvic. This muscle extends and laterally flexes the lumbar vertebrae. It is also the same side rotator of the lower and thoracic vertebrae.
The second image is the side view of the manikin. In this view we are able to recognize the Spinalis Cervicis, Spinalis Capitis, and Spinalis Thoracis. We are also able to see the Longissimus Capitis and Cervicis. Also we are able to see the Iliocostalis Cervicis and Iliocostalias Lumborum. Lastly we can see the Obliques Externus Abdominis or External Obliques. These muscles are attached to the Axial and Pelvic. They are responsible for flexing the lumbar vertebrae, it compresses the abdomen and the opposite side rotator of the thoracic vertebrae.
With the front view of the manikin we can see the External Obliques again and lastly the Rectus Abdominis. These muscles area attached to the external surfaces of the cartilages of ribs – axial and the pelvic. This muscle is what flexes the lumbar vertebrae and helps to depress the ribs and compress the abdomen in forced expiration. The only frustration I had while building the clay models was the neck area. The Longissimus Capitis was the muscle I had a great deal of trouble with. I didn’t understand the twist that it had so I had to completely redo the neck area about 4 times to get it right. Thankfully once that muscle was completed the other muscles surprisingly became much easier to understand and build. These muscles have so far taught me how the form of the body is underneath the skin. The back muscles curve in towards the spine and the neck muscles are small but circular and what rotates the neck in its many directions. In the next clay assignment I think that I will approach each muscle by molding a flat piece of clay and sub placing it in it’s about location and cutting it to form its accurate look and feel. The next time draw I will definitely be applying the view I have of the muscles to the form of the outside body. I will be thinking of how the muscles underneath the skin lay and how the body can and cant look simply because the form or use of a muscle. For these muscles I only used the atlases that were suggested by the teacher and provided by the school.